Incandescent electric lamp



(No Model.)

M. WHEELER. INGANDESOENT ELECTRIC LAMP.

Patented Dec." 6

HII

N. PETERS. Plwlolillmgmphcn wail-" m, o c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARSHAL \VHEELER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

'INCANDE'SCENT ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 374,224, dated December6, 1887 Application filed February 4, 1887. Serial No. 226.571. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARsHAL WHEELER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolkand State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Incandescent Electric Lamps; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains tomake and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,whichform part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in incandescent electric lamps;and it consistsin the combination of a suitable holder, frame,

or cup, which is filled with an amorphous mass of zirconia, with anumber of pairs of carbons which extend into the frame or cup, andaround the points of which the zirconia is packed, each pair of carbonsbeing connected to opposite poles of a suitable battery, whereby thecurrents of electricity are made to flow in opposite directions, meetingand passing each other at a common center, as will be more fullydescribed hereinafter.

The object of my invention is to obtain a greater degree of heat, andconsequently a greater incandescence at a given point, than has hithertobeen found possible in incandescent lamps.

Figure 1 is a perspective of a lamp embodying my invention. Figs. 2 and3 are horizontal vertical sections taken through the body of the lampand showing connections of the carbons to the batteries. 7

A represents the cup or frame, which may be given any desirable shape,and which is made of platinum, soapstone, or any other suitable materialwhich will withstand the intense heat which is generated by the currentsof electricity passing through it. EX- tending horizontally throughsuitable bindingposts, B, which are arranged in any desired relation tothe cup A, and through the sides of the cup A, are the carbons O, whichare arranged in pairs, as shown, the inner points of the carbons beingmade to approach each other at a common center. These carbons areinsulated from the cup A, if so desired, and have their inner endscompletely surrounded by a mass .of amorphous zirconia, which is packedin the cup. To the outer end of each of the carbons O is connected oneof the wires leading from one of the poles of a suitable battery. Foreach pair of carbons there is a separate and distinct battery, D, andthe carbons are connected to the wires of the battery, as shown in Figs.2 and 3. The currents of electricity in passing through the carbons meetand pass each other at the points of the carbons.

The carbon may be made of one solid piece, or composed of a number ofpieces, so as to form one whole. These carbons may be used with orwithoutavacuum, just as may be preferred.

The zirconia, being packed solidly around the points in the cup, acts asa protector from the atmosphere, and hence the carbons are burned awayvery slowly. The kind of spring used, or the point to which it isattached at its fixed end, is immaterial.

' In making all four carbons in one solid piece, as shown, they can beinserted more quickly into position than where they are made separateand distinct, and without any necessity for adjusting their points inrelation to each other. In order to allow the carbons to be placed inposition in one solid mass, the edge of the cup must, of course, beprovided with movable blocks or pieces, which can be removed, and thenthe carbons slipped down into the position, as shown in Fig. 1.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In an electric lamp, thecombination of a suitable frame or holder, containing an amorphous massof zirconia, with the carbons arranged in pairs and connected todifferent batteries, substantially as shown.

2. In incandescent lamps, the combination ofa suitable frame, containinga mass of amorphous zirconia, with carbons which have their inner endspassed through the frame, which have their inner ends surrounded by thezirconia, and which are connected to different batteries at their outerends, whereby the currents ofelectricity meet and pass each other at acommon center, substantially as set forth.

, 3. A series of different carbons which are molded in one solid pieceand connected to- 5 gether at their inner ends, so that the currents ofelectricity will pass from one to the other, substantially as set forth.1

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MARSHAL WHEELER.

Witnesses:

\VM. H. SWIFT, NATHANIEL N. FRANCIS.

